ABBREVIATIONS

    The Royal Ark

    ABBREVIATIONS

    AAG  Assistant Adjutant-General

    AC  Member of the second class or, Companion of the Order of Australia. Ashok Chakra (India).

    ACF  Army Cadet Force

    ACM  Air Chief Marshal

    AD  Anno Domini, i.e. in the year of our Lord, Christian calendar. Member of the first class or, Dame of the Order of Australia.

    ADC  Aide de Camp

    ADC Gen. Aide de Camp General

    Adj.  Adjutant

    Adm.  Admiral

    Admin. Administrator, administration

    ADO  Assistant District Officer

    AE  Recipient of the Air Efficiency Award

    AF(I)  Auxiliary Force (India)

    AFC  Recipient of the Air Force Cross

    AFM  Recipient of the Air Force Medal

    AFSM Recipient of the Australian Fire Service Medal

    AG  Adjutant-General

    AGC  Adjutant-General's Corps

    Agric.  Agriculture

    AH  Anno Hegirae, i.e. in the year of the Hijra, the Muslim calendar

    AK  Member of the first class or Knight of the Order of Australia

    aka  also known as

    ALH  Australian Light Horse

    AM  Recipient of the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd Class of the Albert Medal. Member of the fourth class of the Order of Australia.

    A/M  Air Marshal

    AMS  Army Medical Service

    AO  Member of the third class or, Officer of the Order of Australia

    AOC  Air Officer Commanding

    AOE  Member of the Alberta Order of Excellence (Canada).

    APM  Australian Police Medal

    APTC Army Physical Training Corps

    ARA  Associate of the Royal Academy

    arm.  armoured

    ARRC Member of the second class or Associate of the Royal Red Cross

    ASEN Association of South East Asian Nations

    ASP  Assistant Superintendant of Police

    Assist. Assistant

    Assoc.  Associate, association

    AStJ  Honorary Associate (Brother or Sister) of the Most Venerable Hospital of the Order of St John of Jerusalem in the British Realms

    ATM  Ahmudan gaung Tazeik ya Min = Recipient of the the Medal for Good Service (Burma)

    ATS  Auxiliary Territorial Service

    Ave.  Avenue

    AVM  Air Vice-Marshal

    b.  born

    BA  Bachelor of Arts, British Airways

    BAAF Bahrain Amiri Air Force

    BAOR British Army of the Rhine

    Barr  Barrister

    Bart.  Baronet

    BBC  British Broadcasting Corporation

    BC  Before Christ, British Columbia

    BCL  Bachelor of Civil Law

    BD  Bachelor of Divinity

    Bde.  brigade

    BE  Buddhist Era

    Beds.  Bedfordshire

    BEM  Recipient of the British Empire Medal

    Berks. Berkshire

    BGM  Recipient of the Burma Gallantry Medal

    BIOT  British Indian Ocean Territory

    BL  British Library

    BM  Recipient of the Barbados Bravery Medal. Recipient of the Bravery Medal (Australia). Bachelor of Medicine.

    BMA  British Military Administration

    BOAC British Overseas Airways Corporation

    BPM  Recipient of the Burma Police Medal for gallantry or distinguished service (unoffical postnominal letters)

    BR  Burma Rifles

    BRCS British Red Cross Society

    Brig.  Brigadier

    Brig-Gen. Brigadier-General

    Bros.  Brothers

    BS  Bachelor of Surgery

    BSc  Bachelor of Science

    BSIP  British Solomon Islands Protectorate

    BSM  Holder of the Medal Grade of the Barbados Service Award of the Order of Barbados. Battery Sergeant-Major.

    BSS  Holder of the Star Grade of the Barbados Service Award of the Order of Barbados

    Bt.  Baronet

    Btn.  battalion

    bur.  buried

    BVI  British Virgin Islands

    ca.  circa, i.e. about

    CAF  Citizen Air Force (Australia)

    Camb. Cambridge

    CAS  Chief of the Air Staff

    Cav.  Cavalry

    CB  Member of the third class, Companion of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath

    CBE  Member of the third class, Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire

    CC  Member of the first class, Companion of the Order of Canada. County Coincillor.

    CCC  Member of the first class or Companion of the Order of the Caribbean Community

    CCF  Combined Cadet Force

    CD  Recipient of the Canadian Forces Decoration. Member of the first class or Commander of the Order of Distinction (Jamaica).

    CE  Civil Engineer

    cdt.  commandant

    Cdr.  Commander

    Cdre.  Commodore

    CDS  Chief of the Defence Staff

    Cent.  central

    CENTO Central Treaty Organisation

    CFSM Recipient of the Colonial Fire Service Medal for gallantry or distinguished service

    CGC  Recipient of the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross

    CGH  Recipient of the Castle of Good Hope Decoration (South Africa)

    CGM  Recipient of the Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (Sea or Air)

    CGS  Chief of the General Staff

    CH  Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour. Commander of the The Most Precious Order of Princely Heritage (Antigua & Barbuda).

    Ch.  Chief

    Ch. Cmsnr. Chief Commissioner

    Chair. Chairman, or chairwoman

    Chanc. Chancellor

    Chap.  Chaplain

    CHB  Member of the second class or Companion of Honour of the Order of Barbados

    CHM  Company Havildar Major

    CI  Lady of the Imperial Order of the Crown of India

    CIE  Member of the third class or Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire

    CIGS  Chief of the Imperial General Staff

    C-in-C Commander in Chief

    civ.  civil

    CM  Commander of the Most Illustrious Order of Merit (Antigua & Barbuda). Member of the third class of the Order of Canada (since 1972). Recipient of the Medal of Courage of the Order of Canada (1967-1972). Recipient of the first, second, or third class of the Chaconia Medal (Trinidad and Tobago). Master in Surgery.

    CMG  Member of the third class or, Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael and St George

    CMM  Member of the first class or, Commander of the Order of Military Merit (Canada)

    Cmsnr. Commissioner

    Cncl.  Council

    CNZM Member of the third class or, Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit

    Co.  Company, as in a trading company or manufacturer. County.

    CO  Commanding Officer

    c/o  child of

    COAS Chief of the Army Staff

    Col.  Colonel

    Coll.  College

    COM  Member of the first class or, Commander of the Order of Merit (of the Police Forces of Canada)

    Comp. Companion

    Coron. Coronation

    Corp.  Corporation

    COS  Chief of Staff

    Cos.  Companies

    coy.  company, as in a military unit

    CP  Central Provinces (India), Cape Province (South Africa)

    CPM  Recipient of the Colonial Police Medal for gallantry or distinguished service

    CPO  Chief Petty Officer

    CQ  Member of the third class or, Chevalier of the Ordre national du Québec (Canada).

    cre.  created

    CSC  Recipient of the Conspicuous Service Cross (UK). Conspicuous Service Cross (Australia).

    CSI  Member of the third class or, Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. Recipient of the Cross of the Distinguished Order of the Solomon Islands.

    CSL  Member of the second class or Cross of the Order of St Lucia

    CSM  Conspicuous Service Medal (Australia). Companion of the Star of Merit (St Christopher & Nevis). Company Sergeant-Major.

    CStJ  Member of the fourth class or Commander (Brother or Sister) of the Most Venerable Hospital of the Order of St John of Jerusalem in the British Realms

    Cttee.  Committee

    CV  Cross of Valour (Australia). Cross of Valour (Canada).

    CVO  Member of the third class or Commander of the Royal Victorial Order

    d.  died

    DA  Member of the first class or Dame of St Andrew of the Order of Barbados

    DAG  Deputy Adjutant-General

    dau.  daughter

    DBE  Member of the second class or Dame Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire

    DCB  Member of the second class or, Dame Commander of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath.

    DCL  Doctor of Civil Law

    DCLI  Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry

    DCM  Recipient of the Distinguished Conduct Medal

    DCMG Member of the second class or, Dame Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael and St George.

    DCN  Dame Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of the Nation (Antigua & Barbuda)

    DCNZM Distinguished Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit

    DCO  Duke of Cambridge's Own, or Duke of Connaught's Own

    DCVO Member of the second class or, Dame Commander of the Royal Victorial Order.

    DD  Doctor of Devinity

    DDS  Doctor of Dental Surgery

    deleg.  Delegate, delegation

    dep.  deputy

    dept.  department

    desig.  designate

    DFC  Recipient of the Distinguished Flying Cross

    DFM  Recipient of the Distinguished Flying Medal

    DG  Dragoon Guards

    DGCN Dame Grand Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of the Nation (Antigua & Barbuda)

    DGN  Dame Grand Collar of the Most Distinguished Order of the Nation (Antigua & Barbuda)

    DGNH Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the National Hero (St Christopher & Nevis).

    DH  District Head

    DIG  Deputy Inspector-General

    dip.  Diploma

    dir.  director

    div.  divorced

    DJAG  Deputy Judge Advocate-General

    DJStJ Member of the third class or, Dame of Justice of the Most Venerable Hospital of the Order of St John of Jerusalem in the British Realms.

    DK  Darjah Kerabat, the highest order of chivalry in a Malay state

    DL  Deputy Lieutenant

    D.Litt. Doctor of Literature

    D.Mus. Doctor of Music

    DNH  Dame Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the National Heros (Antigua & Barbuda).

    DNZM Member of the second class or, Dame Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit.

    DO  District Officer

    d/o  daughter of

    DPPS  Director of Public Prosecutions

    Drags. Dragoons

    DSC  Recipient of the Distinguished Service Cross

    DSc.  Doctor of Science

    DSO  Companion of the Distinguished Service Order

    DSM  Recipient of the Distinguished Service Medal (UK). Recipient of the Distinguished Service Medal (Australia).

    d.s.p.  decessit sine prole, i.e. died without issue

    d.s.p.l. decessit sine prole legitima, i.e. died without legitimate issue

    d.s.p.m. decessit sine prole mascula, i.e. died without male issue

    d.s.p.s. decessit sine prole superstite, i.e. died without surviving issue

    DStJ  Member of the third class or, Dame of Grace of the Most Venerable Hospital of the Order of St John of Jerusalem in the British Realms

    DTD  Dekoratie Trouwe Dienst, i.e. Decoration for Faithful Service (South Africa)

    d. unm. died unmarried

    d.v.m.  decessit vita matris, i.e. died in the lifetime of the mother

    d.v.p.  decessit vita patris, i.e. died in the lifetime of the father

    dvpt.  development

    DVR  Decoratie Van Riebeeck (South Africa)

    DVSc.  Doctor of Veterinary Science

    dvsn.  division

    DWR  Duke of Wellington's Regiment

    DYO  Duke of York's Own

    (EC)  Emergency Commission

    ED  Recipient of the Efficiency Decoration

    educ.  educated

    EEC  European Economic Community

    EGM  Recipient of the Empire Gallantry Medal

    ELR  East Lancashire Regiment

    ELS  Europese Lagere School

    EM  Recipient of the Edward Medal

    env.  Envoy

    ERD  Recipient of the Army Emergency Reserve Officers' Decoration

    Esq.  Esquire

    EStJ  Esquire of the Most Venerable Hospital of the Order of St John of Jerusalem in the British Realms

    EU  European Union

    Exon.  Exeter

    ext.  Extrodinary

    FAA  Fleet Air Arm

    FANY First Aid Nursing Yeomanry

    Fdn.  Foundation

    Fed.  Federation

    FFR  Frontier Force Regiment

    FGS  Fellow of the Geological Society

    FM  Field Marshal

    FMS  Federated Malay States

    FMSVF Federated Malay States Volunteer Force

    FO  Foreign Office

    F/O  Flying Officer

    FRAM Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music

    FRCM Fellow of the Royal College of Music

    FRCP Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians

    FRGS  Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society

    FRIBA Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects

    FRS  Fellow of the Royal Society

    Fus.  Fusiliers

    FZS  Fellow of the Zoological Society

    GBE  Member of the first class, Knight or Dame Grand Cross of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire.

    GC  Recipient of the George Cross. Grand Commander, Grand Companion, or Grand Cross.

    G/C  Group Captain

    GCB  Member of the first class, Knight or Dame Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath.

    GCH  Member of the first class or, Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Guelphs of Hanover.

    GCIE  Member of the first class or, Knight Grand Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.

    GCM  Grand Cross of the Most Illustrious Order of Merit (Antigua & Barbuda). Holder of the Gold Grade of the Crown of Merit of the Order of Barbados.

    GCMG Member of the first class, Knight or Dame Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael and St George.

    GCSI  Member of the first class or, Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. Member of the first class or, Grand Cross of the Distinguished Order of the Solomon Islands.

    GCSL  Member of the first class, Knight or Dame Grand Cross of the Order of St Lucia.

    GCStJ Member of the first class, Bailiff or Dame Grand Cross of the Most Venerable Hospital of the Order of St John of Jerusalem in the British Realms

    GCVO Member of the first class, Knight or Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorial Order

    Gds  Guards

    Gen.  General

    Gib.  Gibralta

    Glam.  Glamorgan

    GM  Recipient of the George Medal

    GNZM Member of the first class, Knight or Dame Grand Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit.

    GO  Grand Officer

    GOC  General Officer Commanding

    GOI  Government of India

    GOM  Grand Officer of the Most Illustrious Order of Merit (Antigua & Barbuda).

    Gov.  Governor

    Govt./govt. government

    GOQ  Member of the first class or, Grand Officier of the Ordre national du Québec (Canada).

    Grens. Grenadiers

    GSO  General Staff Officer

    HAC  The Honourable Artillery Company

    Hants. Hampshire

    HBC  The Hudsons Bay Company

    H.B.M. His or Her Britanic Majesty

    HBM  Recipient of the first, second, or third class of the Humming Bird Medal (Trinidad and Tobago)

    HBS  Hogere Burger School, i.e. Citizens High School

    HC  Honoris Crux (South Africa)

    H.E.  His or Her Excellency. His Eminence (Cardinals of the the Church of Rome).

    H.E.H. His Exalted Highness (Nizam of Hyderabad only)

    HEIC  The Honourable East India Company

    H.G.D.H. His or Her Grand Ducal Highness Highness

    H.H.  His or Her Highness

    H.I.H.  His or Her Imperial Highness (sons and daughters of Emperors)

    H.Il.H. His or Her Illustrious Highness (Mediatised Counts of the Holy Roman Empre)

    H.I.M. His or Her Imperial Majesty (Emperors and Empresses)

    H.I.R.H. His or Her Imperial and Royal Highness

    HIS  Hogere Indische School, i.e. Indian High School

    HLI  Highland Light Infantry

    H.M.  His or Her Majesty

    HMAS His or Her Majesty's Australian Ship

    HMCS His or Her Majesty's Canadian Ship

    HMCyS His or Her Majesty's Ceylon Ship

    HMIS  His Majesty's Indian Ship

    HMNZS His or Her Majesty's New Zealand Ship

    HMPS His or Her Majesty's Pakistan Ship

    HMS  His or Her Majesty's Ship

    Hon.  Honorary, Honourable

    H.P.H. His Princely Highness

    H.R.E. Holy Roman Empire

    H.R.H. His or Her Royal Highness

    HS  Hogere School, i.e. High School

    H.S.H. His or Her Serene Highness

    Hunts. Huntingdonshire

    Hus.  Hussars

    IA  Indian Army

    IAC  Indian Armoured Corps

    IAF  Indian Air Force

    IARO  Indian Army Reserve of Officers

    IAS  Indian Administrative Service

    ICC  Imperial Cadet Corps (India)

    ICS  Indian Civil Service

    i.d.c.  passed Imperial Defence College

    IDSM  Recipient of the Indian Distinguished Service Medal

    IGP  Inspector-General of Police

    IGS  Indian General Service

    IIAF  Imperial Iranian Air Force

    IIN  Imperial Iranian Navy

    IJN  Imperial Japanese Navy

    ILO  International Labour Organisation

    IMD  Indian Medical Department

    IMF  International Monetary Fund

    Imp.  Imperial

    IMS  Indian Medical Service

    INC  Indian National Congress

    Inf.  Infantry

    info.  information

    Inst.  Institute

    Instn.  Institution

    IOM  Member of first, second, or third class of the Indian Order of Merit (military or civil); Isle of Man

    ION  Imperial Ottoman Navy

    IOW  Isle of Wight

    IPM  Recipient of the Indian Police Medal for gallantry or distinguished service (unofficial postnominal letters)

    ISC  Indian Staff Corps

    ISF  Indian States Forces

    ISO  Companion of the Imperial Service Order

    JAG  Judge Advocate-General

    JAKLI Jammu and Kasjmir Light Infantry (India)

    JAKRIF Jammu and Kasjmir Rifles (India)

    Jam.  Jamedar

    JCD  John Chard Decoration (South Africa)

    JCM  John Chard Medal (South Africa)

    jnr.  junior

    JP  Justice of the Peace

    KA  Member of the first class or, Knight of St Andrew of the Order of Barbados

    KAR  King's African Rifles

    KB  Knight of the Bath (to 1666); Knight Companion of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath (1725 - 1814)

    KBE  Member of the second class or, Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire.

    KBt  Knight Banneret

    KC  One of His Majesty's Counsel learned in the law (King's Counsel)

    KCB  Member of the second class, Knight Commander of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath.

    KCH  Member of the second class or, Knight Commander of the Royal Order of the Guelphs of Hanover.

    KCIE  Member of the second class or, Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.

    KCMG Member of the second class or, Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael and St George.

    KCN  Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of the Nation (Antigua & Barbuda)

    KCSI  Member of the second class or, Knight Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.

    KCVO Member of the second class or, Knight Commander of the Royal Victorial Order.

    KDG  King's Dragoon Guards

    KEO  King Edward's Own

    KEVIIO King Edward the Seventh's Own

    KFSM Recipient of the King's Fire Service Medal for gallantry or distinguished service

    KG  Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter

    KGCN Knight Grand Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of the Nation (Antigua & Barbuda)

    KGN  Knight Grand Collar of the Most Distinguished Order of the Nation (Antigua & Barbuda)

    KGNH Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the National Hero (St Christopher & Nevis).

    KGO  King George's Own

    KGVO King George the Fifth's Own

    KH  Member of the third class or, Knight of the Royal Order of the Guelphs of Hanover.

    KHDS King's Honorary Dental Surgeon

    KHNS King's Honorary Nursing Sister

    KHP  King's Honorary Physician

    KHS  King's Honorary Surgeon

    KHVS King's Honorary Veterinary Surgeon

    k.  killed

    k-i-a.  killed in action

    KIH  Recipient of the first, second, or third class of the Kaiser-i-Hind Medal for Public Service in India (unnoffical postnomial letters)

    KJStJ Member of the second class or, Knight of Justice of the Most Venerable Hospital of the Order of St John of Jerusalem in the British Realms.

    KMA  Royal Military Acadamy (the Netherlands)

    KMC  Recipient of the King's Medal for Chiefs

    KNH  Knight Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the National Heros (Antigua & Barbuda).

    KNIL  Koninklijk Nederlands-Indisch Leger, i.e. the Royal Netherlands Indies Army

    KNL  Koninklijk Nederlands Leger, i.e. the Royal Netherlands Army

    KNZM Member of the second class or, Knight Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit.

    KORR King's Own Royal Regiment

    KOSB King's Own Scottish Borderers

    KOYLI King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry

    KP  Knight Companion of the Most Illustrious Order of St Patrick (Ireland)

    KPM  Recipient of the King's Police Medal for gallantry or distinguished service